Apparatus for recovering fats from emulsions containing solid particles



Nov. 25, 1930. J., A. L. ROZIERES 1,782,974

APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING FATS FROM EMULSIONS CONTAINING SQLID PARTICLES Filed July 1a. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 III/Ill ale r65 /-venla Nov. 25, 1930. .1. A. L. ROZIERES 5 374 APPARATUS FOR RECDVERING FATS FROM EMULSIONS CONTAINING SOLID PARTICLES Filed. July 16, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 'cf F03 fare;

AIPI'AJRATUSZ 1'03 macovnn wra'rs Ffnom- EMULSIONS ooN'fiAmI-NG soIJn PARTIcLEs :the weaving" is ended, the finished-woolen goods. are. washed in alkaline lyes ,so as to remove the lfats whereby a sinall amountof JEAN'ALFRED LOUIS 'RozmiREs; or ramsirtues, Assrenon; or ONE-HA12F "r jAPpligiatiomfildiuly 16, 1328, ser'iai'liro;

It is a known fact that the woolen-threadsused for Weaving must be moistened with about of its vveight of olein in order? to acquire a greater tensional resistance and to prevent its breaking dining weal ring; --When woolpis dissolvedl- The olein is thn set free through an addition of acid and the wool is precipitated in' a colloidal form. The decanted mud-thus. obtained contains about: 4 =1 6% 'ol'ein 92% water; 7

2% wool' f appearing I through, addition of; 'acid,as acolloidal-mass a Several processes" and apparatuses haveabeen proposed 17 recovering the olein, but

' My invention has for-its object an none-hasproved satisfactory; a I PP --.j

' ratus for'separating in'a very'easy niann'e'r,

' caused to iass, according to the roiinter cuiv- .rent pr1nc1'plfe','1n a'series 'ofdevlces, each the fatcontained in emulsions .containing also solid .particles.

MyiInPIQved apparatus allows the addition asolvent to. the en-lulsion, the specific -j weight of which is greater'thanthat ofzthe "solid particles contained-in the emulsion and the boiling pointlof which is lower than that a Q of the fats Themixture is thenEtrcated in a.

: centrifugal"apparatus, where the so li(l"p ar l ticles are d'riving the upper part of the mix' .ture frol'n whence they can bekxtractGd, while the fat containing solventis driven to the lower part; and extracted} The emulsion is romprising, a centrifugal apparatus asso-- ciated with a mixer,each mixerreceiving the w r I em'ulsion froln which fat hasbeen removed in the centrifugal apparatus 10fthe preceding a arrangement together withthe solvent, whieh hasdissoli'edfat in the succeeding apparatus.

- Thi's mixture is then'sentintdtjhe'correspond- 1 ation, sends the emulsion. froinwhich a fun 3. a then amount'of'fat has been-removed, jnto-l thefnext-mi xer and the solvent which has "dissolved; the said at into. the preceding mixer/. The solvent after passing. through ingcen'trifugal apparatuswhich, after. oper-f,

vthe eficiency 0f the have devised a centrifugal adapted for operating on such; 7 I solventand emulsion whlch cannot be treated chiefly olein. a '3. A 'compa'ratively gre 'let and exhaust a'r'efdisposed on the same fliy' the use ofr'a centrifugal bowl -for instance,

asaoss, mm in France was 1 1; 1927. 1 the 'whole the'fats.

after it has. passed throughthe plant,-which so'cIE'rE rRANcAI'sE 1m en wnmusnr on, or Papers, FRANCE, .A FBLENCH- 0011-..-

operatin'g apparatus I obtain. anemulsion. 65.

is'a'linost completely freed offatty m-ateria'l J recovered at the delivery end, islnotvery tion is small and'a's the solvent is recovered,

and contains a small proportion of solvent which it is eas'y'to recover by distillation. I 3 The amount-of solvent such as ethylenetrilchloride requiredfor operation, and which is 4 in the emulsion."'Therefore'the heat] required for recovering the dissolved fats by 'distilla-" 6; j l

z process is considerably greater than that of the processes used here-.

tofore for recover-in ofthe kind described.

apparatus. mixtureof i'] anordinary apparatus. The residuescarried by the water which has wa'she'd the wool 1'. -Heavy impurities; such ,a's earth,.-sand:

contain and the like,-

g; fats from emulsion 2. Solvent containing in s olutionir at amount of preclpitated pulverized wool. i i 4.-A'great.amount of water.

Such centrifugal apparatuses in which show the; followingdisadvantages Then. the'l rquld rri'ves in cylindrical ornearly cylindrical; the impurities: such as earth. sand and the like, adhere to the-wall of the distributor by reason -o:f ,-the" centrifugal -force and may thus clog and stop '2. During operation the bowl forms three layers to wit :on' the outsidetor, aflayef of-wa-ter which is'fvery thin-if the i I a side the d istribua tori-or inner sleeve of'the apparatus,which, is

apparatus islproperly'adj ust'ede- Thiswater 1 4 flows along the surface of the mass of pulverized wool contained in the bowl without renewing the mass of wool in the apparatus which finally forms a sort of felt and clogs the apparatus the output of which is thus considerably reduced.

In those apparatuses the bowl of which is suspended or set on a support and wherein the admission is 011 the side opposed to the (lelivery, the first drawback mentioned hereinabove does not exist as there is no central rotary distributor; but the second drawback exists as the film of wool containing water flowing over the heavy layer of wool filling the apparatus, cannot renew the said layer by removing it, whereby the efiiciency of the apparatus is diminished as explained hereinabove.

. My invention removes these disadvantages by giving the space inside the bowl, filled by water and pulverized wool, a tapered shape, the walls of said bowl tapering towards the delivery end. If tl fi apparatus is provided with a distributor wherein the inlet has a direction opposed to that of the outlet. the said distributor is bell-mouthed at its outlet.

I have described hereinbelow by way of example and shown on appended drawing a form of execution of my invention.

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatical axial section of one of the centrifugal apparatuses used with a bowl supported from below.

Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sections along lines II-II and III-III of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatical section of an apparatus of the'suspended bowl type; the section being taken through a vertical plane passing through its axis.

Fig. 5 is a general diagrammatical view of the arrangement according to my invention.

As shown on Fig. 5 the apparatus comprises a series of units 1720, 1821, 1922 each comprising a centrifugal apparatus 17, 18 or 19 and a mixer 20, 21 or 22. A pipe 23 leads the mixture from the mixer 21 to the corresponding centrifugal apparatus 18, whereas pipe 24 returns the purified solvent passing out of 18 to the mixer 20 of the preceding group and pipe 25 sends the fat-containing mixture from which the solid matter has been removed into the mixer 22 of the next unit. The corresponding mixer 21 is fed through 26 with a fat containing mixture passing out of the centrifugal apparatus 17 and through pipe 27 with the solvent from the centrifugal apparatus 19, the outlet from the mixer being connected as stated through 23 with 18.

Each mixer is thus provided with an outlet connected with its corresponding centrifugal apparatus and in the second place with two inlets connected with the centrifugal apparatus of the preceding and succeeding set. In a similar manner each centrifugal apparatus is provided with an inlet connected with the corresponding mixer and with two outlets connected respectively with the mixers of the preceding and succeeding sets.

The centrifugal apparatus shown on Fig. 1 comprises a rotary bowl 1 having the shape of a cylinder provided with a conical top 2 and secured to the pivot 13; inside the cone 2 and very near it is disposed a. second conical casing 3. Between the two conical walls 2 and 3 is provided an annular outlet 4 for the heavier liquid on the outside of which is disposed the ring 5. This arrangement is well known per se.

Along the axis of the apparatus is disposed the distributor with its inlet pipe 7 merging into the conical part 6 the angle of which is about 20. This part 6 is continued by another conical part or flaring apron 8 having a larger angle. The upper conical part connecting part 6 and the inlet pipe is separated by an annular narrow outlet 10 from the casing 3. This outlet leads to the delivery apertures 9.

The. distributor is provided with inner fins 11 and the bowl is provided at its lower part with fins 12.

The whole is carried by the pivot 13 and is adapted to rotate round the common axis of the several conical parts described.

The operation is as follows: The apparatus being rotated at a great speed, the water carrying the wool passes through pipe 7 and enters the distributor 6. The fins 11 make it rotate with the apparatus whereby the centrifugal force causes the heavy particles of earth, sand and the like, to come against the inner wall of the distributor but due to the bell-shaped form of the latter this centrifugal force will cause them to fall until they arrive against the wall of the bowl 1 which is large enough to contain all the heavy particles which depose between two stoppages and cleanings of the apparatus.

The mixture of water, pulverized wool and heavy olein containing solvent enters the bowl and is rotated by the fins 12; under the action of the centrifugal force the olein. containing solvent which is heavier than the rest of the mixture comes against the peripheral wall of the bowl 1 and when the amount of solvent is suflicient, it passes through the annular outlet 4 as well known in the art.

The water and the pulverized wool which are lighter than the solvent remain at the center of the apparatus at 14' and the water which is lighter than the pulverized wool is driven towards the axis of the apparatus: due to the conical shape of the parts 8, 6 and 3 and to the position of the passage 10 th. whole mass of pulverized wool in the apparatus is continuously removed and renewed; the water draws along with it the wool particles from the chamber between parts 6 and 3 as new wool is carried into the said chamber whereby the separation is as perfect as possible.

The mixture passing out of thecentrifugal apparatus and constituted by a dissolution I 'of olein or ethylene trichlorinefor instance should have a specificweight' of about35? Baum as too great a proportion of. olein would make the mixture toov light. and allow it to carry the particles of wool with it .a'gainst'the-wall of the centrifugal bowl.'

The worki'ngof my improved apparatus as compared with the apparatusescommonly .used lsson-iewhat similar to that of achimney the hearth of which is provided' with an @Conical -or pyramidal hood .wherein the hot ascending air frun1sithre'ads Without any with a fiattoppedhood, there Would-be dead 2c nomenon occurs with emulsions'of'the type -oonsidered in: the centrifugal apparatusesedclies which con-verge towards the outlet and draw-along with them all the smoke existing in the space through which they pass.

If, on the contrary, the-hearth were provided spaces formed in the angles o f the hood where the smoke would accumulate -A similar'phe- 4 usednowadays 'in which the part corre-'.

sponding to part6 is cylindrical.

' It is easy to imagine a similar device, the. bowl of which'is hung or supported and the outlet of which 'is on the side opposite that corresponding to theinlet. As shown on Fig. 1 I dispose inside the bo'wl conical part 16, Fig. 4, the apex of which is on the'outlet side, soas to provide a suitable tapering passage forth'e water.

What I claim is: i 1 1. A plant for recoving fatscontained in emulsions such aswash waters of woo-ls,.'s0l-.'

vent heavier than-water and solid particles; -com orisin several groups ofv apparatus, each group including a mixer and a centrifugal,

apparatus, means for introducing simultaneously in the mixer of. each group the part-.

ly exhausted emulsion coming from the centrifugal apparatus of the former group and 'ferringthe emulsion formed inside the mixer the solvent heavier than water, in which the proportion of dissolved-fat has been increased and coming from the centrifugal apparatus of the following, group, and means for transinto the centrifugal apparatusof the same group. e I p 2. A plant for recovering fats contained in emulsions such as wash waters of w0ols,'solvent heavier than water and solid particles;

comprisingseveral groups of apparatus, each groupincluding a mixer and a centrifugal apparatus consisting of an outer rotary bowl, a conical dlstrlbutor within the bowl, a comcal partition between fthe'bo'wl and the distributor forming with the narrower portion of the'latter, a narrow, annular, convergent outlet, and means'fo'r providing an outlet between the bowl and the outer end of the partition.

3. A plant for recovering fats contained in emulsions such aswash waters of wools conutor.

tain'ing water, solvent heavier'than water and SOlld particles," comprising several groups 0f;apparatus,.each groupincluding a 'mixer, and a centrifugal apparatus consistingot an outer rotarybowl, 'a conical distrib utor-inside the bowlthe walls of the wider part of which are less, inclinedwith reference distributor and the bowl substantially par.- allelto the l-ltll'I'OWtl part of the distributor,

to the-axis of the bowlthan those of the nar-f rower part, a conical partition'between the i g extending in' front of both portions of the --,distributo1 andatfording an outlet at'each end between itself and the bowl and distribs the Walls of the wider part of which ar-eless inclined with referenceito the axis of the bowl than those of the distributor, the bowl being substantially parallel to the narrower part of the distributor'extending in front of part of bot-h portions ofthe distributor andaffording an outlet at eachend between itself and the bowl and distributor respectively.

5. A'plant for recovering fats contained in: emulsions such as wash waters of-wools, solvent heavier than water' and solid particles,

comprising several groups of apparatus, each group including amixer and a centrifugal apparatus consisting of an outer rotary bowl, f V

a conical. distributor inside. the bowl, the walls v ofthe wider part of which are less inclined with reference to the axis of the bowl than those of the distribu'tor, thebowlbeing substantially parallel to. the narrower part of the distributor extending in front of part of both portions of the distributor and a conical cover for the bowl'on the outside of and substantially parallel to the partition, outlets being provided between the wider ends of the partition andcove'rand between the narrower ends of the partition and distrib- 6. A plant for recovering fats contained inemulsions such as wash waters of wools,

solvent heavier than water and solid ,particles, comprising several groups of apparatus,

each group including a mixer anda centrif- -,ugal apparatus consisting of an outer rotary bowl, a conical distributor inside the bowl, the walls of the wider part of which are less inclined with reference'to the axis of the bowl than thoseof the narrower part, and'a conical extension at the outer end of the distributor substantially-parallel to the narrower part of the latter, a conical partition between the distributor and the bowl substantially parallel to the narrower part of the distributor, extending in front 'of-both portions of rotary the distributor and afi'ording an outlet at each end between itself and the bowl and distributor respectively.

7. A plant for recovering fats contained in emulsions such as wash waters of wools, solvent heavier than water and solid particles, comprising several groups of apparatus, each group including a mixer and a centrifugal apparatus consisting of an outer rotary bowl, a conical distributor inside the bowl the wider part of which is inclined at about 20 with reference to the axis of the bowl and the narrowerpart of which is more inclined, a conical partition between the distributor and the bowl substantially parallel to the narrower part of the distributor and extending in front of both portions of the distributor outlets being provided between the wider end of the partition and the bowl and between the narrower ends of the distributor and the partition.

8. A plant for recovering fats contained in emulsions such as wash waters of wools, solvent heavier than water and solid particles comprising several groups of apparatus,

each group including a mixer and a centrifugal apparatus consisting of a vertical outer bowl, a conical distributor inside the bowl the walls of the lower wider part of which are less inclined with reference to the axis of the bowl. than those of the distributor, the bowl being substantially parallel to the narrower part of the distributor extending in front of part of both portions of :2 the distributor, and means for feeding a mixture to the lower end of the distributor, outlets being provided between the upper ends of the distributor and partition and between the lower end of the partition and the bowl.

'In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature. v

JEAN ALFRED LOUIS ROZIERES. 

